There are specific things it’s best to know about when choosing and applying paints and sealants to your boat. Paints for beauty and protective purposes differ tremendously according to the material being treated.
A few of the most complicated remedies have been devised to counter rusting in metal hulls. In GRP production boats with hulls coated with gelcoat, the only maintenance required outside is occasional polishing above the waterline, and cleaning and anti-fouling below. Anti-foulings are thick paints containing chemicals toxic to marine life such as weed and barnacles. Some leach away leaving a spongy residue which can simply be sanded off, while different newer types are ablating, which means the motion of the water wears them away leaving recent toxins. The toxins are primarily organic copper, mercury or tin compounds. Some countries prohibit using sure anti-foulings, particularly in enclosed waters, so it is necessary to check your native legislation.
Fibreglass, if it is to be painted, ought to first be coated with a fibreglass primer. Wood ought to be sanded smooth and either varnished or primed for a colour coating. The place it is enclosed, wood should be treated with a preservative to stop rot. For exposed wood, a varnish containing extremely-violet filters should be used. One of the best opaque paints for marine use, are the two-pack polyurethanes which are more costly than enamels, but produce a very hard film. Enamels are easier to apply, are thinned with mineral turpentine or similar, and are simpler to the touch up. Polyurethanes are thinned with fragrant solvents like xylene and toluen which give off unpleasant fumes, and being two-pack, have to be mixed in quantities which will cover the required area and used within hours.
Aluminium needs to be washed with dilute phosphoric acid, after which painted with an etch-primer earlier than being painted with a traditional chromate metal primer after which ideally a polyurethane type paint. Galvanized steel should be degreased, after which treated with dilute hydrochloric acid to etch a key for the chromate metal primer. Underwater areas, either GRP, timber or steel, ought to first be painted with a coat of epoxy. In the case of GRP hulls, this reduces the likelihood of osmosis in which molecules of water pass by means of the gelcoat and form bubbles. Metal boats want a high quality sandblast before the anti-corrosive system is applied.
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