Over long time, human meals and clothing depended mainly on agriculture. While ever for the reason that ancient time, agriculture had always relied on a lot of human labor, which was topic to varied kinds of natural conditions. So the development of agriculture was very slow. Throughout the 19th century, the use of agricultural machinery gradually improved the working conditions. However, in agricultural production, it was the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that really elevated the agricultural output in per unit area.
Apply shows that, among all the measures to extend the agricultural production, the role played by chemical fertilizers is forty% to sixty five%. On the idea of the booming within the petrochemical industry, synthetic ammonia and urea have realized large-scale production, which makes the output of chemical fertilizer occupy a big proportion in the chemical products. In 1985, the total output of chemical fertilizer in the world amounted to approximately one hundred forty million ton, which made it change into one of many bulk chemical products. In recent years, the development of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and hint elements fertilizer has further meet the calls for of different soil buildings and completely different crops.
Within the early interval, people used natural animals, plants and minerals to stop and treat crop pests and diseases. Until the late nineteenth century, after the formation of recent chemical trade, folks started to use arsenic preparation to kunwell beetles on potato, and use Bordeaux combination to prevent and treat downy mildew on grapes, in order that agriculture began a new era of chemical prevention and treatment. Through the Forties, plenty of pesticides and herbicides, resembling natural chlorine, organic phosphorus, have been produced and widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and public health. Nonetheless, some of the pesticides during this period had been rich in residues or poison, which caused ecological air pollution, so they had been banned by many countries.
Lately, a number of efficient, low-residue, low-poisonousity pesticides have been developed, including pyrethroid, which is a bionic pesticide and won’t pollute the environment. It has been put into industrial production. Because of this, bio-pesticides have turn into probably the most active areas in pesticide research currently.
What’s more, plastic film (resembling high pressure polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, etc.) has been applied in trendy agriculture, which is used for mulching film or greenhouse seedlings. It will probably significantly enhance the output of the crops, so it is now being popularized on a large area.
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