A musical instrument with a large belly, a short and curved handle, a beam and a plectrum. Its curved back is made of 19 or 21 boards in the form of a circle. The body is hollow. In the course of the front part called the chest, there are two small cavities on the sides called «roses».
Oud instrument (written as «ud» in Turkish) is the ancestor of the European lute, name of which derives from «al-ud». It’s not a local Turkish instrument but it has been performed in Anatolia for a minimum of 5 centuries. Besides, in the history, the oud has been performed by a number of civilizations in Central Asia, Mesopotamia, Iran, Arabia. Accordingly, there are a number of types of ouds besides Turkish oud. The oud instrument occupies an important place in Turkish Art Music, Turkish urban music (in fasil orchestras) and in arabesk music. Oud has been known from the documents and oral tradition because the king, sultan or emir of musical instruments.
Oud instrument has a large soundbox connected to a brief neck. The instrument has a pear-shaped body which is a deep, striped bowl made from lightweight wood. The wood ought to be light because the bowl is supposed to reverberate when it is struck. The soundboard, the entrance part of the body, comprises one or , sometimes three sound holes. These sound holes may be oval or they can be ornamented relying on the lands they are played on. There’s a piece of fish-skin or leather between the bridge and the sound gap with a view to protect the belly from the strokes of the plectrum. The bowl of the oud is shaped by thin woods or ribs bent over a mold. The number of the ribs varies from 16 to 21. The tuning pegs of the oud are screwed to the pegbox.
The quality of the fabric used in the making of the oudis important. The more the material is numerous, the better it sounds. A high-quality oud’s face is made from spruce. The tuning pegs and fingerboard are constructed from ebony. Maple, walnut, palisander and mahogany are used for the bowl.
The oud doesn’t have any normal measurement or number of strings. Yet basically, all the types of ouds have 11 intestine strings which are organized in 5 double-courses with a sixth, single bass string. Oud is played with a plectrum. Its fretless neck allows the instrument to generate any intervals or microtones explicit to the Center Eastern music. Oud instrument is suitable for you to enjoy Turkish, Iran or Arab music by enjoying makams/maqamat.
Oudis performed in keeping with schools of performance. The primary is «Ottoman» school and it accepts as precept the ornamentation of the sound, produced by delicate glissandos or the fingers and slight vibratos. The second approach is Egyptian approach, in response to which the volume is amplified by firm strokes of the plectrum, which makes strings resonate. This model requires another kind of virtuosity.
There are essentially six types of oud when they’re considered according to their origin. These types of oud largely differ of their timbre and there are small measurement variations between them.
Arabic oud is the most known oud instrument type and possibly the preferred because of its romantic, rich and deep sound. It is heavier and slightly bigger evaluating to Turkish ouds. Turkish ouds are employed in Turkey and Greece. They’ve a more treble sound. Syrian oud, which is a sub-type of Arabic oud generates plenty of overtones. Iraqi ouds can also be categorized under Arabic ouds. Its strings are tied to the underside of the instrument. Because of this characteristic, it is said that it has a floating bridge. Iranian oud, which is also called Barbat is more distinct and as a result of its shape, it has a bass, deep, Persian sound.
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